The Akropolis word means “top city”. It is placed at the top of a steep limestone plateau with several springs. In its South slope there were the first human establishments in 5000 b.C. approximately.

During the Mycenae time it was fortified around a palace and several temples, where the cult to Athenian was introduced. At IX b.C., the Acropolis became the centre of first Greek city-state in a military, economic and philosophical raise. During the mandate of Pericles, the reform of all Acropolis was charged to the architect and sculptor Fidias, the most important in ancient Greece.

Its magna work was the Parthenon that reunites all the Doric elements in a harmony and beauty without comparison. Their proportions, precise and studied, are agree with the Golden proportion, a strange proportion present in all the nature that embellish several things. An authentic enigma.

Inside the Parthenon was kept a wood statue plated in gold and ivory of Athenian, also designed by Fidias and that was considered like one of the Seven Wonders of the Old World. The statue was lost in the antiquity but we know their characteristic thanks to some retorts that were made later, among them, a Roman one exposed in the National Archaeological Museum.

Another important temple is the Erecteion. It was constructed like symbol of reconciliation in honour to Athenian and Poseidon Erectheo, old pattern of the city. The most remarkable things in this temple are the Caryatides that far from being a dental disease are six columns in woman form, those maintain the entablature. These are copies of the original ones, five from which they keep in the museum of the Acropolis and the sixth one corresponds to the one that lord Elgin took to London.

The monumental entrance to the enclosure, or Propileo, was constructed after the Parthenon and was designed in agreement with the rest. The Athenians, impressed with this architectonic and artistic creation, considered it like the monument of greater prestige.

In addition to other temples and elements, inside the Acropolis there is the Archaeological Museum of the Acropolis. It keeps almost the totality of the Acropolis pieces extracted since 1834. One can see diverse sculptures, fragments of some famous friezes and the Caryatides, so many times named in television programs as well as in Trivial Purisuit.

The Acropolis stayed relatively intact for more than 2000 years but it succumbed to the damage of the war. In 1687 the ceiling of the Parthenon exploded when the powder magazine that the Turks has in its interior was set afire by Venetians. And, moreover, in 1801, lord Elgin extracted the friezes of the Parthenon and sold them to the British Museum, although nowadays there are some negotiations in order to give back them to Athens. Later, the surface of the Parthenon wore away with several years and the contamination pulverized the marble.

Since 1981 the Parthenon and the main monuments are surrounded and restoration workings are carried out.